【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforOilSpillSourceIdentificationbyGasChromatographyandPositiveIonElectronImpactLowResolutionMassSpectrometry
【原文标准名称】:用气相色谱法和正离子电子冲击低分辨率质谱法识别溢油源的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMD5739-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D19.06
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:气相色谱法;质谱学;石油污染;污染控制
【英文主题词】:anthracenes;dibenzothiophenes;extractedionchromatogram;fused-ringaromatics;gaschromatography;identification;massspectrometry;naphthalenes;oilspill;phenanthrenes;selectedionmonitoring;steranes;triterpanes;weathering
【摘要】:Thispracticeisusefulforassessingthesourceforanoilspill.Otherlesscomplexanalyticalprocedures(TestMethodsD3328,D3414,D3650,andD5037)mayprovideallofthenecessaryinformationforascertaininganoilspillsource;however,theuseofamorecomplexanalyticalstrategymaybenecessaryincertaindifficultcases,particularlyforsignificantlyweatheredoils.Thispracticeprovidestheuserwithameanstothisend.4.1.1Thispracticepresumesthatax201C;screeningx201D;ofpossiblesuspectsourceshasalreadyoccurredusinglessintensivetechniques.Asaresult,thispracticefocusesdirectlyonthegenerationofdatausingpreselectedtargetedcompoundclasses.Thesetargetsarebothpetrogenicandpyrogenicandcanconstitutebothmajorandminorfractionsofpetroleumoils;theywerechoseninordertodevelopapracticethatisuniversallyapplicabletopetroleumoilidentificationingeneralandisalsoeasytohandleandapply.Thispracticecanaccommodatelightoilsandcrackedproducts(exclusiveofgasoline)ontheonehand,aswellasresidualoilsontheother.4.1.2Thispracticeprovidesanalyticalcharacterizationsofpetroleumoilsforcomparisonpurposes.Certainclassesofsource-specificchemicalcompoundsaretargetedinthisqualitativecomparison;thesetargetcompoundsarebothuniquedescriptorsofanoilandchemicallyresistanttoenvironmentaldegradation.Spilledoilcanbeassessedinthiswayasbeingsimilarordifferentfrompotentialsourcesamplesbythedirectvisualcomparisonofspecificextractedionchromatograms(EICs).Inaddition,other,moreweathering-sensitivechemicalcompoundclassescanalsobeexaminedinordertocrudelyassessthedegreeofweatheringundergonebyanoilspillsample.Thispracticesimplyprovidesameansofmakingqualitativecomparisonsbetweenpetroleumsamples;quantitationofthevariouschemicalcomponentsisnotaddressed.1.1Thispracticecoverstheuseofgaschromatographyandmassspectrometrytoanalyzeandcomparepetroleumoilspillsandsuspectedsources.1.2Theprobablesourceforaspillcanbeascertainedbytheexaminationofcertainuniquecompoundclassesthatalsodemonstratethemostweatheringstability.Toagreaterorlesserdegree,certainchemicalclassescanbeanticipatedtochemicallyalterinproportiontotheweatheringexposuretimeandseverity,andsubsequentanalyticalchangescanbepredicted.Thispracticerecommendsvariousclassestobeanalyzedandalsoprovidesaguidetoexpectedweathering-inducedanalyticalchanges.1.3ThispracticeisapplicableformoderatelytoseverelydegradedpetroleumoilsinthedistillaterangefromdieselthroughBunkerC;itisalsoapplicableforallcrudeoilswithcomparabledistillationranges.Thispracticemayhavelimitedapplicabilityforsomekerosenes,butitisnotusefulforgasolines.1.4ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:Z12
【国际标准分类号】:71_040_50
【页数】:12P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:CommonApplicationLanguage(CAL)Specification
【原文标准名称】:共用应用语言(CAL)规范
【标准号】:ANSI/CEA600.81-1997
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1997
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国国家标准学会(US-ANSI)
【起草单位】:ANSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:娱乐电子学;面向对象的程序设计
【英文主题词】:Entertainmentelectronics;Object-orientedprogramming
【摘要】:describesthebasicframeworkofCAL.ItisintendedasanintroductiontoCALoperationandsyntaxthatstressestheobject-orientedaspectsofCAL.Itisbelievedthattheobject-orientedmethodologyoffersthebestmeansofunderstandingthecomplexinteractionbetweendevices,controls,andcontrollerspresentintheCEBusenvironment
【中国标准分类号】:L74
【国际标准分类号】:35_060
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语